. In modern practice, veterinarians use behavior as a diagnostic tool—often, a change in behavior is the first indicator of physical pain or illness. ResearchGate Core Principles of Animal Behavior
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A sudden onset of defensive aggression in a normally gentle dog often points to localized pain, such as osteoarthritis, dental disease, or spinal discomfort. They all agreed that it had been an
A sudden onset of irritability or aggression in an otherwise gentle dog is a classic indicator of localized or systemic pain. Conditions such as osteoarthritis, dental disease, or spinal discomfort frequently manifest as snapping when touched or resource guarding a comfortable resting spot. Lethargy and Withdrawal Conditions such as osteoarthritis, dental disease, or spinal